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IND-enabling CMC

Advanced conjugation and CMC-enabling characterization across conjugated modalities

Overview
Discovery
Conjugation
Characterization

De-risking CMC from Discovery to IND

Successful IND-enabling development requires more than executing individual CMC activities. It requires an integrated CMC strategy that begins with developable therapeutic candidates and carries that foundation through every stage of development.

Nona’s Developability by Design approach combines Harbour Mice®, Modalities on Demand™, integrated discovery technologies, and multidisciplinary CMC expertise to reduce downstream development risk while supporting a seamless transition from discovery through IND.

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Fully Human Discovery Platform

Nona’s fully human antibody discovery platform enables the identification and engineering of antibodies optimized for conjugated therapeutics. Through Harbour Mice® technology, Nona provides access to both conventional H2L2 antibodies and heavy-chain-only antibodies (HCAbs), supporting diverse antibody formats and targeting strategies for ADC development. This HCAbs further enhance conjugate design through improved tissue penetration, access to unique epitopes, and compatibility with site-specific conjugation strategies.

HCAb Feature Development Advantage
Smaller size (~85 kDa) Better tissue penetration
Unique epitope access Better specificity Better internalization
Compatibility with site-specific DAR2 conjugation High homogeneous product High stability with conserved disulfide bonds
Fully human antibody sequences No additional tags No non-natural amino acids No changes to glycosylation patterns
Simplified conjugation design Improved manufacturability
Flexibility Expandable to other modalities (e.g., bispecific antibodies)

These discovery capabilities integrate seamlessly with downstream conjugation and characterization, enabling efficient progression from target identification through ADC development.

Integrated CMC Development

Following candidate selection, successful IND-enabling development depends on the coordinated execution of multiple CMC disciplines. Nona integrates cell line development, process development, analytical development, and technology transfer into a unified strategy that establishes scalable manufacturing processes while supporting regulatory readiness.

Cell Line Development

A robust manufacturing process begins with a stable, high-producing cell line. Nona develops production cell lines through comprehensive clone screening, selection, and optimization strategies designed to maximize productivity while maintaining product quality and long-term manufacturing stability.

Our integrated approach establishes a reliable manufacturing foundation that supports downstream process development and scalable GMP production.

Customized Linker–Drug Design

Conjugation Capabilities:
  • Support for client-provided, commercially available, and custom-designed linker–drug constructs
  • Cysteine- and lysine-based conjugation strategies across antibodies, peptides, and oligonucleotides
  • Adaptable workflows across payload classes and target biology

Process Development

Robust process development establishes scalable manufacturing processes that consistently deliver high-quality biologics. Nona integrates upstream and downstream development to optimize productivity, purification performance, process robustness, and manufacturing scalability while maintaining critical quality attributes throughout development.

Our teams apply systematic process characterization and optimization strategies to support reproducible manufacturing processes suitable for clinical development and future commercialization.

DAR2 enables precise, site-specific drug attachment with a consistent drug-to-antibody ratio of two. This control enhances stability and therapeutic index while avoiding the liabilities of conventional high-DAR species, providing a reproducible and manufacturable path for ADC development.

Formulation & Drug Product Development

Successful drug product development transforms a manufacturable biologic into a stable clinical product. Nona integrates formulation development with drug product development to optimize product stability, manufacturability, and clinical performance while supporting the transition to GMP manufacturing.

From formulation screening and optimization to fill-finish process development, our scientists develop robust drug product strategies tailored to the unique physicochemical properties of each molecule. By evaluating formulation composition, dosage form, stability, and manufacturing considerations early in development, we help reduce downstream risk and support successful clinical supply.

Development Area Capabilities
Formulation Development Buffer & excipient screening
DoE formulation optimization
High-concentration formulations (up to ~150 mg/mL)
Stability studies
Drug Product Development Liquid & lyophilized dosage forms
Freeze-thaw studies & sterile filtration
Fill-finish process development
Container closure & device compatibility
  • It will shorten the workflow for positive plasma cell screening from months to a single day.

  • The high throughput screening with 14K or 20K chips dramatically decreases labor costs for screening more than 10,000 cells.

  • Direct screening with individual plasma cells prevents the diversity loss/bias during hybridoma screening.

CMC-Enabling ADC Characterization

Our ADC solution provides full-spectrum physicochemical and biological characterization to support CMC-enabling development decisions and preclinical readiness, including developability assessment of ADCs and other bioconjugates. Integrated in vitro and in vivo workflows validate and de-risk conjugation strategies while supporting scalable manufacturing, batch consistency, and regulatory readiness.

A comprehensive suite of analytical methods supports these capabilities, including:

  • Physicochemical Characterization:
    Analytical tools such as LC-MS, SEC-MALS, and cIEF offer detailed insights into charge heterogeneity, molecular weight, DAR, conjugation stability, aggregation, and free drug residue monitoring.
  • In vitro Validation:
    Bioactivity studies include antigen binding, internalization, soluble antigen interference, cytotoxicity, and bystander killing.
  • In vivo Validation:
    Pharmacological models encompass PK studies, stability assessments, and efficacy testing in CDX, PDX, and heterogeneous tumor environments.

Attribute Analytical Methods
DAR HIC
UV
mass spec
RP-HPLC
Purity SEC (HMW & LMW species)
HIC (DAR0 content)
RP-HPLC (DAR0 content)
Residual free drugs RP-HPLC
Endotoxin Chromogenic LAL assay
Recombinant Factor C assay

Let’s Conjugate the Right Solution

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Explore Related Resources

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